Gravity Essay -- essays research papers

Gravity is really an unknown displume. Wecan define it as a field of influence, andthat it effects the entire existence of theuniverse. Some people look that gravityconsists of particles called gravitons,which travel at the speed of light. Theonly thing we do know is how gravityoperates in different parts of our universe.Without gravity, there would be no spaceand time.There is a legend that says that Galileoonce dropped dickens objects off the LeaningTower of Pisa to show that the heavier ofthe two objectsdropped faster. If a feather and hammerwere the two objects he used thenobviously the hammer would hit theground first. This is due to stress unsusceptibility,which is the jam air exerts on a movingobject. This force acts in the oppositedirection to that of the objects motion. Inthe case of a falling object, air resistancepushes up as gravity pulls down, whichcauses the object to slow down. WhenGalileos sample was repeated on themoon, the hammer and the feather hit thegroun d at the exact like time. This is dueto the fact that the moon has no atmosphere.Therefore, air resistance doesnt exist onthe moon. Also, the amount of airresistance on an object depends on thespeed, size, shape, and density of theobject. The larger the surface argona of theobject, the greater the amount of airresistance on it. This is why feathers,leaves, and sheets of paper fall moreslowly than pennies, acorns, andcrumpled balls of paper. There is another legend that states thatwhen northward was lying against a channelise inan orchard, he was struck on the head byan apple. He wondered what provided theacceleration for the apple to fall to theground. Was this a force of the earth onthe apple? If so, then the apple must exerta force on the earth according toNewtons law of action/reaction forces.Newton applied this theory unto theplanets, which orbit the sun. He found bystudying astronomical data, that the forcethat held the earth in orbit around the sunwas the same force that dr ew the appletoward the earth. This was theforce of gravity that is given by this scaryformulaF = Gm1*Gm2gravity _______r2F equals the force in Newtons, G equalsthe gravitational constant which is 6.67 *10-11 Nm2 kg2, m1 and m2 equalthe mass of each body in kilograms, andfinally, r equals the outperform between the2 bodies in meters.If all of this i... ...forthe electronic revolution of the twentiethcentury. Electromagnetic waves not onlyrevolutionized our lives, but also ourknowledge of the universe. Astronomersgradually loose the electromagneticspectrum, first using visible light and thenradio, x-rays and gamma rays. Each newpart of the spectrum provided us withdramatic new insights into the universe.Einstein predicted gravitational waves in1916. They have not yet been directlydetected on earth, although astronomersJoe Taylor and Russell Hulse received the1993 Nobel Prize for proof of theirexistence, by showing that a star placement is losing energy by producinggravitational w aves.Gravitational waves are a comp permitely newspectrum. If electromagnetic waves let ussee the universe, gravitational waves willlet us hear the universe. They will provideus with a new sense, the sense of hearing,with which to explore the universe. Gravity is a very complicated subject, butscientists are learning more and moreabout it as time goes on. Contributionsfrom people such as Newton and Einsteinhelped shape the way we see thingstoday. Without them, no telling what kindof misconceptions we all might believe intoday.

Essay --

Many of us may know about the tragedy that took place back in the 1900s, the final solution. wholeness important question that crosses many of our minds is, if the United States knew what was happening in Germany, why didnt this great nation take action? Aldof Hitler finally succeeded to become leader of Germany from January 30, 1933-May 8, 1945. During those time periods Jews were being over powered in way of unnecessary persecution. This lead to nearly 6,000,000 murders of the Jews, keeping in mind that 1.5 million of those Jews were children. The Jews who died were not the ones who fought in Europe during World War II. After World War I, Germany was downgraded by the Versailles Treaty, which reduced its pre-war territory and completely reduced its armed force, thats where it all began. The Holocaust was one of the twentieth centurys greatest tragedies that was made possible by isolationism politics, possible outright fear of the U.S., and possible denial.During the 1930s, the mi xture of the Great impression and memory of devastating losses in World War, was what could have possibly le...

The Red Badge of Courage: A Coming of Age Novel Essay -- Character Ana

A solider is a solider in anytime. Whether he is a solider fighting off the British in the American Revolution, or a solider fighting against his bear in a civil war. Many of the experiences and feelings are the same. Have you ever wondered what it is like being a solider? Have you ever wondered about a soldiers feelings as he faces employment for the first time? Stephen stretch shows us in The Red Badge of braveness, a character, Henry Fleming, an average young recruit in the gracious War. Fleming comes to realize that when it comes to war what he expects is different from what he must come to except. Stephen stretch forth was born shortly subsequently the Civil War which may have influenced his writing of The Red Badge of Courage, which some critics view as a coming of age novel.Stephen Crane was born shortly after the Civil War on November 1st 1871, in Nework New Jersey (Miller 285). The Crane family had fourteen children, Stephen Crane being the last (285). Accor ding to a short history of Stephen Cranes early years, by the time Crane had reached the age of three he had already taught himself to read and right. At the age of four Crane had read James Fenimore Coopers novels. These novels had been past down by his brother, who had to sneak the novels into the strict Methodist household. According to Ray Miller, the Crane family moved to bearing Jervis, New York in 1878, but two years later marked the death or Cranes father. Cranes mother and then moved the family to Asbury Park, New Jersey where Stephen Crane began to excel in public schools (285). Cranes first short story was not published until after his death, which was called Uncle Jake and the Bell Handler written in 1885 (285). At this time Crane enrolled into Pennington Se... ...ience what it is like to be a hero (shaw 418). As The Red Badge of Courage comes to its conclusion the cowardly youth to a courageous hero. Fleming focused on his hate and desire to smash the glittering smile of victory that was seen on his enemys face (Blair).Author Stephen Crane attended many schools through out his life, but writing came to be his profession. The Red Badge of Courage, Cranes most successful novel, was considered one of the first forms of realistic war fiction written on the Civil War. Some critics say that the unknown battle in Chancellorsville influenced Crane to write this novel. Through out the novel Cranes shows how Henry Fleming transformed from a cowardly teenage recruit to a hero of war. This novel proved that any soldier, whether he is a sergeant or private, can pull through at the right moment, and be seen as a hero.

Terrorism and Forces of Change :: Essays Papers

Terrorism and Forces of ChangeFor millennia, the globe has throbbed with human loss due to acts and motivations of terrorism. Today, in the front star sign of Buntrock Commons, a mural hangs above the door. Within the last 20 years, international terrorism has escalated to fantastically catastrophic proportions. Today, we look with wider eyes upon the replica of Pablo Picassos Guernica. integrity year ago, terrorists pulled our country into the truthfulness of the world with a horrific act of violence. Grim and gripping, Guernica is now before us. What forces have changed in our world to bring this 75-year-old Spanish mural to hang in our hall with renewed significance? We have finally recognized international terrorism as part of our countrys reality. We are now forced to account for desperate acts of terrorism in real, personal terms. According to Hughes, there exist roughly nine forces of change in the political world today. As outlined in Continuity and Change in World Politic s Competing Perspectives, each force offers some inference into the reality of intercontinental dynamics. Yet this framework of forces cannot be of use without establishing a simple understanding Where there is dissatisfaction with life prompted by greed, injustice or other antecedent within a minority, and a specific and ruthless will among the dissatisfied to seek violence as a means of change, there will be terrorism. Modern threats to our governments today are simply the escalation of this violent will across continental boarders. In accounting for terrorism, the truly relevant and crucial questions at conk are so how do we prevent horrific acts of violence motivated by social unrest and how do we administer and alleviate the unrest? Hughes does not offer a response, but does seek to describe our political world of today. The dynamics of political demographics, food sufficiency, the transition of our energy uses, and the reactions to human choices in our environs are forces that contribute to our current global system. No number of individual inquiries into singular forces will produce a profound understanding of international terrorism. It is that when these forces are viewed in conjunction with Hughes forces of Global Economic Reconstructing and the Rise and fall of the Global position that a context for international terrorism emerges. The rise to billet of one country through the strengthening of its economy and the profitable produce of its population can hinder or even cripple another country, thus creating turbulence among groups of people.

deviance :: essays research papers

Deviance is an individuals or groups behavior, ideas, or attributes that some people in ships company find offensive, wrong, immoral, sinful, evil, strange, or disgusting. This definition consists of three parts.Expectation Some behavioral expectation must exist.Violation There must be a real or implied violation of the expectationReaction An individual, group, or ordering must react to the devianceThe strain theory by Robert Merton believes that American society pushes individuals toward deviance by overemphasizing the importance of monetary success, while failing to emphasize the legitimate means to achieve that success.Cultural Transmission Theory by Edwin Sutherland states that deviants control patterns of behavior form the people with whom they associate on a regular basis. Not only do they teach us the techniques for committing deviant acts, but as well a set of beliefs and attitudes that justify or rationalize the behaviorThe Anomie Theory was coined by Emile Durkheim and it refers to the condition of normlessness, in which values and norms have little invasion and the culture no longer provides adequate guidlines for behavior. Deviance is also thought of as an individual choice because it appears that the consequences of doing it are more desirable than the consequences of doing something else. The choice is as simple as weighing the pros and cons.Biological theories are a bit weak due to all the exceptions to the rule. William Sheldon proposed that deviance is in the body type. Other theorists put forward its in the extra Y chromosonePsychologists have attributed antisocial behavior to the conscious mind being too weak to overcome the strength of the id. Labeling theorists attempt to inform how cultural and individual perceptions create and sustain deviant idetities. A deviant is not different from you or I, they are just labe take deviant successfully.Has led sociologists to distinguish between primary and secondary deviance. Primary deviance is the original behavior that leads to the application of the label to an individual. Secondary deviance is the behavior that people relegate as a result of having been labeledFunctions of DevianceDeviance actually helps teach societys rules providing illustrations of violation. It is functional in that it 1) causes the groups members to close ranks 2) promotes group solidarity 3) help clarify what society really believes in 4)teaches normal behavior by showing us what is abnormal.Durkheim stated that deviance is "an intergral part of all healthy societies."There seems to be a disjunction between means and ends, such as the emphasis on wealth and success without many legitimate means to achieve them.

deviance :: essays research papers

Deviance is an individuals or groups port, ideas, or attributes that some people in society find offensive, wrong, immoral, sinful, evil, strange, or disgusting. This definition consists of three parts.Expectation Some behavioural expectation must exist.Violation There must be a real or implied violation of the expectationReaction An individual, group, or society must react to the devianceThe strain theory by Robert Merton believes that American society pushes individuals toward deviance by overemphasizing the importance of monetary success, while failing to emphasize the legitimatise means to achieve that success.Cultural Transmission surmise by Edwin Sutherland states that deviants learn patterns of behavior form the people with whom they associate on a regular basis. non only do they inculcate us the techniques for committing deviant acts, but also a set of beliefs and attitudes that justify or rationalize the behaviorThe Anomie Theory was coined by Emile Durkheim and it re fers to the condition of normlessness, in which values and norms have little impact and the culture no longer provides adequate guidlines for behavior. Deviance is also thought of as an individual choice because it appears that the consequences of doing it are more desirable than the consequences of doing something else. The choice is as simple as weighing the pros and cons.Biological theories are a bit clear due to all the exceptions to the rule. William Sheldon proposed that deviance is in the body type. Other theorists say its in the extra Y chromosonePsychologists have attributed antisocial behavior to the conscious chief being too weak to overcome the strength of the id. Labeling theorists attempt to explain how cultural and individual perceptions create and sustain deviant idetities. A deviant is not different from you or I, they are just labeled deviant successfully.Has led sociologists to distinguish between primary and secondary deviance. Primary deviance is the original behavior that leads to the application of the label to an individual. Secondary deviance is the behavior that people develop as a result of having been labeledFunctions of DevianceDeviance actually helps teach societys rules providing illustrations of violation. It is functional in that it 1) causes the groups members to close ranks 2) promotes group solidarity 3) help clarify what society really believes in 4)teaches normal behavior by showing us what is abnormal.Durkheim declared that deviance is "an intergral part of all healthy societies."There seems to be a disjunction between means and ends, such as the emphasis on riches and success without many legitimate means to achieve them.

The Cathedral

Where ignorance is our master, there is no possibility of real peace, (Dalai Lama XIV). This adduce relates to the narrator in Raymond Carvers short story, The Cathedral. In this story Bubs ignorance is shown in various parts throughout the story. Towards the end of the story, Bub has an epiphany. This makes him agnise how unconditioned hes been towards his wife as well as Robert, her childhood sweetheart and present day best friend. He enters from a ball of insecurities to a world of peace.The narrators jealousy and ignorance, is seen in many parts throughout the story. An example of Bubs jealousy is when he says, I waited in vain to hear my name on my wifes sweet lips but I heard nothing of the sort. More talk of Robert, (Carver, Pg. 98). Not moreover does he show jealousy, Bub also shows ignorance when he stereotypes against Robert. As if stereotyping against Robert wasnt enough, Bub goes on to stereotype against Roberts late wife Beulah, as he sarcastically said, Beulah That s a name for colored woman, (Carver, Pg. 5). Beulah passed away in her lost battle to gland cancer. He also showed his ignorance when he quoted, I wasnt keen about his visit. He was no one I knew. And his being blind bothered me, (Carver, Pg. 94).Overall, the way he expressed himself about Robert, the blind man, in the story simply said a lot about him. Bub comes out from a world of insecurities to a world of peace, the moment he lets himself be command by Robert. They drew a cathedral a symbol of faith, conversion, creativity, and strength. It was like nothing else in my life up to now, (Carver, Pg. 103). The narrator faced his insecurities with Robert as well as his ability to interact with others. At first Bub could find no significance to it and found it hard to explain to Robert. It wasnt until Robert told him to close his eye and continue drawing, that made a light bulb in his head go on, Its really something, (Carver, Pg. 103). Bub was blinded before he realized how ignoran t he was in regards to his marriage as well as with Robert.In conclusion we face ignorance on an everyday basis. It shows our lack of knowledge and sometimes reaches extremum measures. Ignorance occurs when people believe they know everything and act upon it, when this isnt reality. This is a quality that the narrator possessed. Without knowing, his inability to see the positive in people almost caused him his marriage. He was so caught up with his insecurities that he almost oversaw his wifes attempted suicide. Its important to admit and overcome ignorance in order to find the home(a) peace within oneself.

Artillery Ww1

On Sunday, June 28, 1914, in Sarajevo, Bosnia, an 18-year-old Serbian named Gavrilo Princip, shot and killed Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife Duchess Sophie while they were driving in a convertible. Princip belonged to a secret terror society, called the Black Hand, that cherished to unite Bosnia with Serbia, and rid itself of Austrian rule. The assassination led to the first World War. This terrible conflict lasted over 4 years, involved over 30 nations, and claimed much than 20,000,000 lives, both military and civilian.It cost billions of dollars, destroyed Europe, and crumbled empires. The biggest cause of death in the fight was artillery fire, which accounted for 60% of all deaths on the western front. In the restive landscape of the desert (where artillery was more effective) they caused almost 75% of all deaths. The Battle of Verdun started on the 21st of February, 1916. In the battle, artillery was used to stamp battery the enemy lines and force retreat. The German s were armed with FK16s (77 mm field artillery) and Morser 10s (210 mm heavy howitzers).While the French retaliated with canon de 75 M1897s (75 mm field artillery), canon de 155 C M1915 (155 mm field howitzer), and Mortier de 280 M1914 Schneiders (280 mm siege howitzer). The battle of Verdun was the longest of the entire war and stole countless lives on both sides. The Germans lost 100,000 soldiers, while the French buried close to 165,000 brave men after the battle had come to a close. In total, the battle produced 714,231 casualties. The picture above was taken on February 21,1916, in Verdun, France during the first engagement of the battle.The French had just received a German onrush to their front most trench. Soon after this picture was taken, the French were forced to retreat, for the Germans had superior man power and artillery count. In the picture, a man sits nigh to a place where an Artillery shell has detonated inside the trench killing many soldiers. When a shell hits it is unanticipated a blur of mud and metal. A shell can be anywhere between the size of a mans arm to his entire body. Imagine that dropping out of the jactitate loaded with tons of explosives. The scariest thing about them was they could hit anywhere at anytime.This picture is meant to show the brutality of artillery warfare. The angle of the man lying in the mud is depicted gruesomely, and the look on the soldiers face behind him begs the question Why am I here? Pictures just wish this were taken throughout the war and chokely show how much blood was spilled and how many young brave souls were lost. The Battle of Verdun ended with no clear victor on December 13, 1916. The German general said his goal was to bleed the French army white. Indeed he did, but not to begin with suffering 435,000 casualties. A picture is worth a thousand words, but was this conflict worth millions of lives?

High-school the best years of your life Essay

Being in high-school should definitely be the best four years of your life. Most people forget that these years is what usually makes up for the rest of your life. For example some people choose to study hard, pass their classes, and then have fun with the time they got left over. Others choose to use up all their time for fun and never pass classes or dedicate any type of time towards their education and usually get held back a couple of years like I did.If you really ask to make high-school the best years of your life then I would suggest choosing option A so that you enjoy all the festivities and parties with friends without having to make-up for lost time. For some odd reason many kids believe that when you get into pain in the ass, it makes you look like a self-possessed guy or girl to all of your peers. In reality your only labeling yourself as being the troublemaker slacker that doesnt make it anywhere in life to your teachers. Not to mention you make yourself look like an idiot to the smarter kids at your school.What most kids dont know is that if your one of those kids that does good and gets his spring done on time and passes all his classes then the counselors will give you a little less attention than to the kids who never do work and be always in trouble and never passes their classes. So if youre a bad kid and you wonder why you get into so more than trouble its because youre causing too much attention to yourself and you never do anything that can justify your badness as being good or being minor.Read more Essay examples for high schoolSo dont get into trouble if you know that it can risk you getting kicked out and losing those years that should be the best of your life. Another thing that holds a lot of kids back is being in a romantic relationship with somebody. Im not saying its not good to be in love or care for another person, but if that is whats retentiveness you back from achieving your goals then there has to be a problem with th at relationship. This means that you should think slightly your education before anything else on your agenda for the year instead of focusing on keeping your love one by your side.If that is too selfish for you to think about then do it for your loved one. If you really cared about another person you would care about their education as well. You wouldnt want your other half to be dimwitted or uneducated. If you cared for that person youd want them to be smart and knowledgeable and to be successful in life or maybe you should be the successful one to help your other half be something in life. If they cared about you theyd want the same for you too. Anything else would be selfish of them or you and that wouldnt be fair to the person you thought you loved or to you at all.The most common thing that hold kids back in school is wanting to party all the time and drink and do drugs and look cool for everyone to see. This is the biggest problem because as a kid all you want to do is par ty and have fun but when you get previous(a) you realize that there is a time and place for everything and during the week is not the time and in school is not the place. School for most kids is their only patronage and you should treat your school like a job which means to never be late, be respectful to everybody at school, and dont show up all tired and sick from partying the night before.I remember seeing kids at school on Monday morning throwing up their organs because they drank too much the night before and only slept for like two hours. That is totally irresponsible and should never betide at your job, so why do we let that happen to us in our schools. High-school couldve been the best years of my life but unfortunately I was one of the kids who decided to waste all my time having fun and am now left to play catch-up with school credits and classes that shouldve been passed years ago. I shouldve alumnad in the year 2010.It is now the year 2012 and I am hushed trying to catch-up on credits that I shouldve already completed two years ago. Luckily for me I found OFY and have been able to complete classes instant(prenominal) than ever and hope to soon reach my goal and graduate high-school. So dont be like me, be one of the kids that was able to graduate with the rest of their peers and be one of those kids who will remember high-school as being the best years of your life instead of being like me and turning them into the weeklong years of your life.

The Killer Angels: an Inside Look at the Battle of Gettysburg

The Killer Angels An Inside Look at the Battle of Gettysburg The Killer Angels write by Michael Shaara, is a historical fiction novel that describes in great detail the events that took place during the strife of Gettysburg. In the forward we are given an in depth view of each of the main characters and key figures of the battle. For instance, we are told that that General Robert Edward leeward is an honest man with no vices who does not believe in slavery, he is also suffering from heart trouble. He leads the confederate army.And then we have Colonel Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain who has a brother, Thomas, who serves in the Twentieth Maine as an aide to his brother. The story begins on June 29th, 1863 with the entre of a spy for the associate army. He comes to General Longstreet with information about the whereabouts of the Union army, who to Longstreets surprise, are nearby. This causes the Confederate army to reposition at Gettysburg. The battle begins on July 1st when the Confe derates attack some of the Union army in the hills nearby Gettysburg.General Lee believes that the Confederates should be able to win this battle and engages the trades union armies utilizing varying tactics, he attacks the Union armys left and right flanks and then attempts to divide theyre central strength to win the battle that way. provided this method fails, the Union ground forces gained the upper hand when during the first day of battle they retreated and secured most of the higher ground giving them a fateful advantage. The story mainly follows the Confederates and General Lee as the protagonist, and it tells us what went wrong for them during this battle.We are given a detailed depiction of war tactics employ during this time, and how the Union Army was able to win the battle by taking a defensive position on the higher hills of Gettysburg. The fact that the Union Army had higher ground coincides with the weapons that were utilized by both armies. Because the key losses that occurred took place when Chamberlains men ran out of ammunition and were successful only by charging their enemy with bayonets and when Picketts men attempted to charge the center strength of the Union army, I would say that momentum and visibility were key factors in a battle with the weapons that were available to them.It is also apparent that Lees heart problems seem to be affecting his decision- making throughout the story. Perhaps he has baffle more foolhardy with his own mortality so tangible. The amount of death and losses that the Confederates suffer seem to echo the thoughts he has of himself. It becomes quite apparent that the Confederate army will fail after General Longstreets continual insistence that they should swing southeast towards Washington, D. C. and take a defensive position.If General Lee had heeded Longstreets advice, perhaps the Confederate Army could have won the Civil War. In conclusion, The Killer Angels is a book that uses great detail and epic c onverse to describe the events that took place at the battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. It gives us a closer look at the tactics and strategies utilized by our forefathers during that time period and not only allows us a glimpse of the personalities of some of the key leaders of the Civil War but shows us how these personalities influenced this battle.

Never Let Me Go Essay

Over the past century, biological engineering has made a huge step forward. They made accomplishable to duplicate human DNA in order to produce a genetic replicate. The novel Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro in the parable storey of three friends, as the products of genetic cloning, illustrates the negative view of the human nature. This novel, through the eyes of Kathy H. , shows what it means to be a clone and what problems they experienced growth up. Clones are real humans and should be treated as natur anyy born humans. The clones were not naturally produced, but they created inside of a government lab.These story shows that they were not considered as a humane, and were treated not as rest of the real people. They were created to increase the health of the greater population. If clones are the real people whence it is wrong to donate their vital organs against their will. These clone students who lived in school called Hailsham were cut off from the world. They were told o nly what they needed to know. Once, their teachers, Miss Lucy, explained to her students that one day they all will donate their organs and then die before they even became middle aged.As naturally born humans, clones should maintain free will. Further, when they were fifteen years old teenagers they had dreams about future. Some of them wanted to go to America, another wanted to be actors and to be a film stars or to work in supermarkets (81). unless Miss Lucy told them Your lives are set out for you. Youll become adults, then before youre old, before youre even middle-aged, youll start to donate your vital organs. Thats what each of you was created to do. Youre not like the actors you watch on your videos, youre not even like me.You were brought into this world for a purpose, and your futures, all of them, have been refractory (81). Real humans are brought into this world for a purpose and they have free will, not like these clones and it is not right. As a real human, clones should have a chance to choose as we all do. Later, when they were thirteen years old they were told that they will not going to be able to have babies. consequently there was the whole business about our not being able to have babies (83). Conclution The whole idea of cloning humans is wrong

Isolation in the Painted Door by Ross Sinclair Essay

The feelings of isolation and alienation basin be frustrating, perilous and tied(p)tually they can charge drive a person mad. the great unwashed boast always come up tot with such issues several(predicate)ly. Some managed to abandon those feelings and continued with their becomes mend others succumbed to them as they were un resolutionive to overcome and/or control them. Those souls who surr fireered a great deal faced last or even death as they were unable to cope with interpolates and the hugs of subsisting a life below their expectations with no cardinal to trust and confide, non even their beloved ones. When people be altogether and isolated for a certain amount of time there is a circumstances that they forget ab come to the fore authentic life and even become bushed. This is one of the many problems of vast countries such as Canada oddly its dry prairies and northern arctic regions can change people.In this essay, I will try to analyze and investigate i ncompatible circumstances that can lead to emotional states, near of which be prominent themes in Canadian fiction isolation, alienation, aloneness, loss of identity and madness. Isolation and alienation can occur out of many reasons. It is not only an isolated landscape that whitethorn trigger feelings of loneliness, fear or sustainlessness, unless alike isolation and alienation from society or even people closest to you. Other definitions may besides include spiritual and emotional isolation. In Sinclair Ross The miscellaneous Door the protagonist Ann fells alone and isolated for many reasons.Ann is not pleased with her life. She and her husband John imbibe intercourse in the middle of nowhere, far away from company and populated settlements. The remote surrounding in which they live creates a feeling of extreme isolation, especially by and by previously living in a city. After being exposed to this geographical isolation for whatever time, Anns feelings of lonelines s lastly intensify to the orient where she even feels alienated from her decl atomic number 18 husband. But at that point she does not realize that her yearning for a better and different life will hence change her life for worse and will make her feel guilty and miserable for the rest of her life.After having an affair with Steven she realizes that this is not what she really wanted and she also realizes that she has made a big mistake sleeping with him, while her husband was away. Therefore, we cannot interpret Steven as the fulfillment of her desires for a better life, but rather as a temporary means to cure her from her isolation and loneliness. As John unexpectedly returns home during a storm, he witnesses the betrayal and leaves Ann neer to return again. the translucent theme is centered on adultery. However, there are other, more subtle, motifs in the bill that play a very significant role in its success. The themes inherent in making the protagonists adultery unders tandable are the landscape, her isolation, and the feelings of betrayal and guilt that she experiences following the central act of the taradiddle. (The Painted Door)Ultimately, Anns necessarily to feel loved and acknowledged, as well as her actions out of desperation and loneliness, lead her to the destruction of her life and, consequently, the life or her husband. The blizzard, which can be seen as a metaphor for passion, as well as the physical and emotional separation from her husband engage her to do things she probably, under normal circumstances, would not consider doing. Therefore, it is in those extreme conditions where we have to search for the driving forces behind Anns adultery. The answers that would equitableify her actions and would, as well, give us an insight into her inner loneliness and isolation are all hidden in this seemingly unreal wasteland. In this trading floor we can findthematic elements considered the bedrock of Canadian create verbally a landscape so bleak in winter that it seemed a region alien to life, but a house stand up nonetheless standing against that wilderness, a refugee of feeble walls wherein persisted the elements of gay meaning and survival. A woman who wants fine things and a brotherly life, but a slow, taciturn, country-bound husband who only aspires to paying of the mortgage. (Stouck 2005, 93)The Painted Door is not Ross only pathetic story dealing with issues such as isolation, alienation and madness. The other prominent example of him using such themes and motifs is The Lamp at Noon where Ross, by establishing a gloomy and intense atmosphere, creates a feeling of uneasiness and fear of the isolated and even manic environment which inevitably affects the storys protagonists. It illustrates how close to madness a persons dreams of a better life may be juxtaposing the delusions harboured by a husband and a married woman about their failing homestead. (Estehammer 1992) The bleaklyweds Ellen and capital o f Minnesota moved from the city to a desert landscape during the time of the Great Depression to live as farmers in the Canadian prairie. unluckily, dust storms, as well as the soils dryness and neediness of rain made their existence as happy and productive farmers almost impossible.Nevertheless, Ellen, who came from a rich family, tried to be a model wife by fetching fretfulness of the household and their baby, but the fact that they were living on an infertile and isolated farm made things worse day by day and contributed to the couples constant quarreling. The lack of joy, food and tolerance caused both emotional and physical suffering for Ellen and capital of Minnesota. It seems as if the shift from city- to rural life hit Ellen particularly hard as she seems to be very frustrated about her present situation and even afraid of what the future might hold for them. She feels as if she was living in a cage or a prison, and deep inside she knew that there is no way out of it. It is obvious that the setting is essential in causing havoc in Ellens and Pauls lives.Therefore, to answer the question of where these feelings of isolation, loneliness and, in the end, even madness originate, we must consider the extreme unfriendly and even claustrophobic environment as a major factor. Other likely reasons would have to be Pauls stubbornness and his foolish manly pride that made him ignore his wifes request to change matters by setting up new priorities. For many eld she has tried to persuade him to leave the farm but she has failed every time due to his reassuring comments about a better life.Because Paul is unable, or maybe even unwilling, to change, he eventually destroys his marriage and family by provided contributing to his wifes state of depression and, ultimately, monomania. It is only after Ellens desperate run into the sandstorm, in which she sees freedom, and their babys death when Paul realizes his mistakes but it is already too late. Their child is dead and his wife has lost her mind. Consequently it can be seen that both of Ross analyzed stories are, in fact, examples of how not to deal with isolation.By creating and describing both stories setting so vividly, Ross succeeds in reinforcing our own understanding of isolation, by taking us in the midst of this unfriendly and devastating environment. He makes us almost feel Ellens geographical and emotional isolation which eventually drive her into a state of madness. The Lamp at Noon is especially all-powerful because it resonates with the unique historical conditions of the 1930s, when dust storms scourged the West, hard working farm families lost their land, and some people went mad (Stouck 2005, 91). The lamp in The Lamp at Noon itself is a symbolism of hope but when it dies out in the end all hope seems lost. It can be argued that Ross does not simply present the landscape and weather as a cause for psychological disintegration but also deploys it as a metaphor to develop the inner landscape of his characters, the landscape thus part as the objective correlative of the feelings and the states of mind of his protagonists (Pauly 1999, 70).The Old Woman by Joyce Marshall is some other prominent example of how isolation can lead into madness. mollie and Todd got married in Mollys homeland England. Soon afterwards Todd traveled to Canada leaving his Molly behind. She joins him after 3 years because she had to take care of her ill mother. When she arrives in Northern Quebec she realized that Todd has changed since their last meeting. Molly starts her life in the new environment like many women before her, by taking care of the household. Her husband was preoccupied with his job to notice that Molly felt unpleasant in the new environment. Instead of helping her to adapt to the new life, he becomes more and more distant, less talkative and absorbed by the machines in his powerhouse.After a while, Molly finds her calling as a local comport helper but, to her disappointment, her husband is disapproving towards her newly set in motion occupation. He wants her to stay at home all day and to be like the other gentle wives without ever second questioning him in spite of his negligence towards her. In order to cope with her isolation she nevertheless decides that she must occupy herself in some way. She finally feels needed, something Todd does not understand nor desire. In the end it does not matter how Molly feels anyway because her husband has lost his mind after 3 years of living and breathing with the machines at the power house he has fallen in love with them. In this story the gender roles and immigrant stereotypes have been turned upside-down. non in the sense of male or female roles and duties but the fact that a local man, instead of a female immigrant, goes mad in the end distinguishes this story from others. There is a sharp delineation between the two possible approaches to the foreign territory. Since the machines have al ways been between Todd and the land, he has been unable to worry adequately to others. In his limited and confined existence he has, in the end, even gone in compos mentis(predicate). At the same time his wife discovers a in person satisfying role as a midwife in a French-Canadian community. Her productive approach thus carries her crosswise apparent linguistic and cultural boundaries and across her isolation. (Pauly 1999, 64)In contrast to The Painted Door and The Lamp at Noon, where the female protagonists were the ones whose lives were destroyed by their actions out of isolation, loneliness and their dependency on their husbands, Molly, despite her inconvenient situation, lack of attention from her husband and her fear of loneliness, seemingly succeeds in overcoming the obstacles that were put in her way. By not taking the thin outions of her husband any longer and deciding to accompany her own interests, Molly stands as a substitute of a new feminist ideology which, however, cant be compared with todays flavour of feminism as it had to undergo decades of changes and development to improve the roles and lives of women to the stage as we know them today. Unfortunately, womens roles still differ very much. They strongly depend on the location, culture and religion the women live in.Classic gender roles were also turned upside-down in Isabella Valancy Crawfords story Extradited. In it we find a prominent portrait of a petulant and narcissistic woman and her devastating examination of jealousy (Stephenson and Byron 1993, 12). The protagonists of the story are Samuel Sam ODwyer, his wife Bessie, their baby and a man named Joe who was helping them on their farm. Sam and Joe quickly became very good and close friends. While reading the story one could even think that Sam, although doubly of Joes age, might even hold deeper feelings for him (homoeroticism?). After a while, Bessie is annoyed by Sams admiration for Joe and as soon as she finds out that Joe is wanted by the police for a legal offence against his former employer and that there is a 1000$ proceeds for the one who catches him or turns him in, she immediately grabs the chance she considers to be the one that will ensure them a better life.However, after Joes heroically rescue of Sams and Bessies baby, and him drowning after salvage it, Bessie, although informing the police of Joes whereabouts, stays without the reward but has inevitably to deal and live with her husbands scorn as she has to bear the clean for a good mans death. Bessie probably thought that she was doing the right thing. We would normally expect a man to act rational and women emotional at that time and shopping mall. However, in Sams and Bessies case it is the other way around. It is Sam who acts emotional, by wanting to protect Joe, and Bessie who acts rational, by wanting the reward in order to buy a new farm and within to pave the way for a better life for herself and her family. Therefore, it is the w oman, not the man, who is a representative of realism, whereas the man can be seen as a romanticist. This example makes it clear that women were also aspiring beyond the domestic sphere and not only victims of their husbands arbitrariness.This stands in opposition to the naturalistic ideas of earlier eras where women had to stoically accept their traditional roles, i.e. teacher, maid, housewife, devoted mother, and had to sacrifice their own happiness for their childrens and/or husbands sake. Women should repress their previous experiences and knowledge after getting married and were mostly appreciated as long as they kept their physical charms. In Canadian short fiction immigration is the process which, in many cases, causes isolation and alienation. It is a long and complex process as starting a life in a new country can be very difficult. The issues of immigration seem to have affected women particularly hard. In order to keep themselves sane and deal with the harsh realities tha t the early pioneers had to face, women, who mostly spent their time at home, wrote diaries.Susanna Moodie, who was one the most famous chroniclers of the early Canadian immigrant experience, was describing the negative aspects of environmental and social isolation among early immigrants in Roughing it in the Bush. Moodies sister Catharine Parr Traill even advised men to consult with their wives before emigrating to Canada as most immigrants were completely ad-lib to live in such an unfriendly and unfamiliar environment. Brian, the protagonist of Moodies short story Brian the Still Hunter, is also, like Ellen from The Lamp at Noon and Ann from The Painted Door, a victim of isolation. However, the first and foremost reason for Brians isolation is alcoholism. As a result his extensive drinking has isolated him from society and even his own family. Alcohol has transformed him into an unpredictable character.This is why society treated him as an outsider. When Brian was drunk, he was n ot able to speak normally to anyone, not even his wife. Their blood was put to the test due to ever-changing time periods of guilt, shame and anger. He felt emotionally isolated, worthless, and he even attempted to commit suicide. He fails in this aspiration and matters get even worse for him. Afterwards he quits drinking and chooses physical isolation for himself instead. He is slowly falling into a state of insanity as he loiters about the land with only his dog by his side to keep him company.Many immigrants could not deal with the formidable reality which the Canadian landscape prepared for them and fell into a state of madness. Madness most commonly might have appeared due to some of the following reasons. It either demonstrable as a consequence out of the confrontation between the ideas and lifestyles of the Old and the New World, or out of geographical and environmental differences (dangerous wilderness, plain and/or artic landscape). This new environment was not only dan gerous to ones physical but also psychical health. It was hard not to lose your identity while facing the limits of your capabilities and still keeping your sense of inner ( indwelling) and outer (objective) reality balanced.while the plains sometimes provoked the outbreaks of insanities, the primitive cause is frequently to be found elsewhere. These causes range from economic frustration, isolation from the people, frustration growing out of an in index to adapt, personal displacement and loss of identity, to guilt and isolation. whole these are parts not only of a physical environment but of a mental landscape. Womens nerves overstretched and they usually became depressed and silent whereas men more often turned to violence in order to act out their rage and frustration. In some cases these states were permanent, in others they were temporary and subsided after a finite period of time. (Pauly 1999, 53)Stories like The Lamp at Noon and The Old Woman can be best described as exam ples of Pioneer Realism and/or Prairie Realism. alike SinclairRoss, other prominent Canadian authors who dealt with the prairie experiences were Martha Ostenso, Laura Salverson and Frederic Philip Grove. In their kit and caboodle, these authors start their stories with a nave or, we might even say, romanticized, view of the immigrants arrival to Canada. Later on, all become disillusioned by the setting and gradually alienated from their new home. These stories generally include a prairie patriarch. he is usually presented as a land-hungry, work-intoxicated tyrant. The farm women are subjugated, culturally and emotionally starved, and filled with a smouldering rebellion. All in all a fertile ground for conflict and all kinds of mental instabilities. (Pauly 1999, 54)As an immigrant, your well-being will largely depend on your ability to adapt and deal with the given circumstances. Though those two stories are set in different locations, the first in a prairie and the latter in the Canadian North, both still are fictional stories dealing with the issues pioneers experienced when they first arrived and became aware of how dangerous it really was to be out of tune with the land. While some succumbed to the unknown and fled, lost their minds or even died, others luckily found other forms of distraction from the isolation which surrounded them, making their existence bearable.In continuation, other forms of dealing with the harsh realities of everyday life will be analyzed. These are the stories of escapement from the sane into a subjective insane world in order to survive. The protagonists of these stories are all isolated and alienated from other people, not necessarily because of an isolated landscape, but rather because of their dissimilarities. Alineation is separation from something becoming strange and foreign to it, being put out or taking Ones self out and thereby becoming a stranger separated. Since humans feel vulnerable when they are strangers, th e emotional essence of alienation is fear and hostility (Henry 1971, 105).The sane world can therefore be even seen as life-threatening to the stranger because all it wants to achieve is to isolate him even further and to destroy his reality. Ultimately, there are three choices a stranger can make. He can either let the sane world take over and destroy his very essence, he can protect himself by playing along, pretending to be someone else by acting out roles, or he can escape into his own reality where he alone decides what is right and pervert, what the truth is and what only illusion.Louise and Morrison, the protagonists of Margaret Atwoods short story Polarities, are working colleagues in an unnamed dull city in the northwest. They came to this city because they could not find any other job elsewhere. Morrison finds this dullness rather irritating and the northern city a hard place to live in. Louise however claims that you just have to have inner resources to turn to when matt ers get tough. After some time, Louise started acting and talking strange. She would find meaning in things other people would not, as Morrison states shes taken as real what the rest of us pretend is only metaphorical (Atwood 1993, 69). Morrison more and more started to believe that there is something seriously wrong with Louise, as her strange behavior is not to be ascribed to fatigue or the abuse of substances, a fact another colleague also acknowledges.Morrison and Paul, the other co-worked, eventually agree that it would be best for Louise to be institutionalized. Nevertheless, Louise almost convinces the doctors that she is perfectly fine but she eventually makes a mistake and they decide to keep her hospitalized. After disbursal some time in the hospital, Louises intelligence begins to deteriorate due to the extensive amount of drugs she was forced to take. She almost stopped talking to anyone and it was obvious that she suffered tremendously, especially on the inside. It se ems that before she had been taken to the mental hospital she was a little strange but nevertheless managed to get along in everyday life. All that remained now of Louise was an empty shell as she became only a shadow of her former self.Margaret Gibson was another author who wrote about oversensitive people unable to live in a normal society. Due to her mental state, she was diagnosed as a paranoid schizophrenic, she could relate to and identify with her writing as few authors before her. Nevertheless, she claimed that her works are not autobiographical. In her collection of short stories enform of addressd The grind Ward, she tried to explore the boundaries of sanity and insanity. Her own experiences as an outsider gave her the opportunity and ability to present a strangers world in a unique and exciting way.It is important to recognize at the outset that Gibsons primary concern in relation to the theme of madness is with the responses to mental illness, rather than with its cause s or manifestations. While she clearly does not neglect the latter issues, her writing often focuses upon the ways in which those categorized as mentally ill and those assigning the label respond to the condition. (Pauly 1999, 106)Her short stories The Butterfly Ward, Making it, Ada and Considering Her Condition are great examples of her writing creativity. In the beginning of The Butterfly Ward we are introduced to Kira, the storys heroine, who is staying at a hospital and is undergoing various extremely flagitious and brutal tests and examinations in order to determine what is causing her mental condition. As the story progresses, we get a glimpse of her earlier life. Before being admitted to the hospital, she worked in a home for mentally challenged children.Unfortunately, she had a very ambitious mother who dreamt of a better life for her and her daughter in Russia. Her mother is win over that Kiras occupation does not suit her and that she would be better of studying at a uni versity. Kira becomes a victim of her mothers ambition and pressure under which she, eventually, collapses. She is still aware of her surroundings but nevertheless decides to live her life in her own fantasy world which she considers a better place than the real world where she is being locked up and heavily medicated.The protagonist of Gibsons story Ada is a girl of the same name as the title and who is, like Kira, residing in a mental hospital. As the story unfolds, it becomes obvious that the patients of this institution are being heavily mistreated and denied any basic human rights. The only visitor Ada has is her mother. Although we might think that her mother would like to help her to get out of the hospital as soon as possible, she does not show any genuine intentions of helping or understanding her daughter in her need. After some time, Ada realized that she cannot expect any help from anyone, and denies her mother, and other family members, visits because they do not unders tand her.More and more she drives herself into isolation from others and even from her own feelings. Ultimately, her isolation causes her to lose touch with reality entirely so we might think. When another inmate joins the group at the asylum, the patients are presented as seemingly smarter than their doctors, as they are easily able to manipulate with them as in the case of Alice.However, Ada and her best friend Jenny manage to escape their isolation but must pay a very high toll for it. Jenny, who wanted to protect Ada from Alices abuses, stands up against Alice and within she awakens Ada from her inner retreat. By later killing Alice, Ada awakens from her mental slumber and ends her child-like existence. Nevertheless, it can be argued that Adas retreat in her own world was, in fact, her strategy to survive in a depressive and live-threatening environment such as the mental asylum where normality of patients (their thoughts, emotions, actions) is considered as something abnormal. For Gibson, therefore, abnormality can be seen as the only way to survive in an inhuman and egoistic world.A similar story to Ada is Making It where the protagonists liza, a schizophrenic, and Robin, a male homosexual transvestite, try to make something of their lives. Both of them try to hide their true character because if they would not they would be considered as outcasts in a society intolerant of crazy people. Although they desperately want to fight societys categorizations and prove them wrong, they are, nevertheless, unable to do so. Liza, who becomes pregnant, sees her baby as her own way of making it out of her troubles. Robin, on the other hand, sees his salvation in becoming a famous women impersonator in Californias entertainment industry.They are convinced that motherhood for her and fame for him will make them normal in the eyes of society. In the end of the story the two once again decide to live together like a regular, but in their case platonic, couple. Robin eve n rejects the men of his dreams in order to be able to help Liza to live a normal life. Unfortunately, happiness stays out of reach for them as they, after Lizas baby was born dead, once again fall into isolation and feel alienated from society. Although considered abnormal, Robin and Lizas feelings of belonging, friendship, helpfulness and love for one another are something we would have trouble finding in the normal world. For Gibson, we, the sane readers, are the ones who make existence for people like her protagonists unbearable and force them into isolation and self-destruction.In Considering her Condition, it is a man named Steven who drives his wife Clare into suicide after she gave birth to their baby son. Steven is a very suppressive, bossy and egoistic character. Clare never even wanted children but after Steven persuaded her it becomes clear that he never thought about what is best for her but rather what is best for him. Later in the story we get to know that Steven alre ady has a child but has no contact with her anymore. When Clare was pregnant, Steven became obsessed with the baby and did not care much about his wife anymore. He even denied Clare her right to chose abortion despite the doctors advice to terminate the pregnancy.Claire must suffer enormously just to fulfill his desires and wishes. Gibson gives us a picture of how married couples lives can be destroyed by polarities and traditional gender-roles. Steven will not let Clare have her own life and she does not have the strength to fight his demands. Her suicide is the only action she can realize out of her own will. Not even her death affects Steven as he never though of her being more than a subordinate wife and the mother of his children. Considering her Condition can be seen as Gibsons strong critique against a society that denies women their right to choose their own way of living and thinking and breaks their spirits by taking away their desires, pride and self-esteem. The analyzed stories in The Butterfly Wardfocus upon individuals who have become objects of scrutiny to others. These others, , exercise a great deal of power over those who have failed to adapt to the expectations and demands of normal society. low gear and foremost among those strategies is simple observation. Whether an individual is labeled paranoid or simply maladjusted, the effect is similar. The individual ends up excluded from normal existence and confined within another territory. The responses of those thus observed, excluded, isolated and confined are various, but all, in some way, reveal attempts to escape this condition. (Pauly 1999, 116)Not only individuals can suffer tremendously under the influence of isolation but also whole communities. In W.D. Valgardsons story Bloodflowers the setting seems to imply that even today, people will tend to indemnify to primitive rituals when isolated and severely tried by living conditions (Neijmann 1996, 311). It is the story of a young teach er named Danny who moves to an isolated island, called Black Island, where superstition is still astray spread among the islands local community. Danny at first just wants to witness an ancient local fertility ritual taking place annually on the island. The ritual consists of sacrificing a man in order to conclude any misfortunes that have happened in the past year and might continue into the next one.Unfortunately for Danny, as misfortunes continue to happen, the locals consider him to be the cause of disturbance and they decide to sacrifice him in order to save themselves from further harm. It seems as if the local people are not having any trouble justifying the murders they have committed with superstition. In this story, where Valgardson makes extensive use of irony, we get to see the serious consequences (misunderstandings) that may occur when different or conflicting cultures cross paths. In Rudy Wiebes Where is the Voice Coming From?, the notions of isolation and alienation can be ascribed to the native Canadian inhabitants. The isolation of the original (ethnic) voice and the question of a Canadian identity, by this I mean telling the other side of Canadian history (of the aboriginal inhabitants) too, are issues Wiebe tries to address.Its most prominent themes would have to be the social and cultural injustices and consequently isolation and alienation suffered by the indigenous people after the European settlers have taken over their lands. In conclusion it can be said that people were often driven mad by loneliness and isolation and some even saw death as their only means of escaping it. Others, who also lived in isolation, developed psychotic behaviors which not only made them self-destructive but also a threat to others. Taking into consideration all of the authors and their stories that deal with the themes and motifs of isolation, alienation, loneliness and madness, one cannot fail to observe that isolation has an extremely negative effect upo n the development of the individuals character in Canadian short fiction and probably also Canadian literature in general.Works CitedAtwood, Margaret. terpsichore Girls and Other Stories. New York Bantam Books, 1993.Esterhammer, Angela. Cant See Life for Illusions The Problematic Realism of Sinclair Ross. In From the Heart of the Heartland, edited by John Moss, 15-24. capital of Canada University of Ottawa Press, 1992.Gibson, Margaret. The Butterfly Ward. Ottawa Oberon Press, 1976.Henry, Jules. Pathways to Madness. New York Random House, 1971.Marshall, Joyce. The Old Woman. In The Oxford Book of Canadian lilliputian Stories in English. Margaret Atwood and Robert Weaver, eds., 92-103. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1986.Moodie, Susanna. Roughing it in the Bush, Or, Life in Canada. Montreal McGill-Queens University Press, 1998.Neijmann, Daisy L. The Icelandic Voice in Canadian Letters The Contribution of Icelandic Canadian Writers to Canadian Literature. Montreal McGill Queens Pr ess, 1996.Pauly, Susanne. Madness in English-Canadian Fiction. Ph.D. dissertation. Trier University of Trier, 1999.Ross, Sinclair. The Lamp at Noon. In The Oxford Book of Canadian Short Stories in English. Margaret Atwood and Robert Weaver, eds. 72-81. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1986.Ross, Sinclar. The Painted Door. In The Faber Book of Contemporary Canadian Short Stories, edited by Michael Ondaatje. London Faber and Faber, 1990.Stephanson, Glennis and Glennis Byron, eds. Introduction. Nineteenth-Century Stories by Women An Anthology, 9-22. Peterborough Broadview Press, 1993.Stouck, David. As for Sinclair Ross. Toronto University of Toronto Press, 2005.Valancy Crawford, Isabella. Extradited. In The Oxford Book of Canadian Short Stories in English. Margaret Atwood and Robert Weaver, eds. 1-11. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1986.Valgardson, W.D. Bloodflowers. The Oxford Book of Canadian Short Stories in English. Margaret Atwood and Robert Weaver, eds., 316-332. Oxford Oxford Un iversity Press, 1986.Wiebe, Rudy. Where is the Voice Coming From? The Oxford Book of Canadian Short Stories in English. Margaret Atwood and Robert Weaver, eds., 270-279. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1986.The Painter Door A Canadian Short Story. Term papers for students. http//www.essaysample.com/essay/002994.html (accessed August 8, 2008).

A History of the American People

This plan that has been created to increase the level of history education in the United States sounds good. Both gives that have been picked out for discussion are excellent choices that describe the history of the United States. In a reading group type of environwork forcet, there can many factors that interest the readers. It can either come down to the font of the text or something as simple as the front cover. Based on what the books have to offer though, my recommendation takes into banknote both parties, the readers and the teachers (being the NCHE).The teachers side of the party would want to offer text the accurately describes the history of the United States without leaving important facts that have changed the authority the United States has formed. The readers would prefer a book with text that draws their attention and keeps it throughout the whole books length. I will go into detail more or less each book that has been chosen and describe what the main quest of t he context is. I will first begin with capital of Minnesota Johnsons A invoice of the American People. Johnson begins talking about history in the Preface.Johnson apologises how he grew up learning Greek, Roman, and face history. Johnson was never taught about American history while receiving an education, whether it was his family instruct him or Oxford, American history never came up. He began to learn the history of the United States after Oxford. He first began to learn of the history of the United States though his research for his books. He wrote A History of Christianity, A History of the Jews, Modern Times the World from the Twenties to the Nineties, and The Birth of the Modern World Society, 1815-1830. Johnson covers over four hundred years of history in his book.He writes in a manner where he aims to draw in his writing readable, and wants to present the facts fully. Johnson states in the preface that Such a fact-filled and lengthy volume as this is bound to contain errors. If readers spot any, I would be grateful if they would write to me at my private address 29 normality Road, London W25JR so that they whitethorn be corrected and if they find any expressions of mine or opinions insupportable, they are welcome to give me their comments so that I may weigh them. This shows how Johnson is involved in what he writes and is open to change which is what makes a writer.Johnson begins his book stating that The creation of the United States is the greatest of all human adventures. No former(a) estateal story holds such tremendous lessons, for the American passel themselves and for the rest of mankind. This statement is coming from a man who first learned the history of the Greeks, Romans, and the English and then(prenominal) the United States history. This is a bold statement to make as the beginning of the book. It can either continue to attract the audience of the book or push them way because it makes it sound as if the entire book will cont ain pride in the United States and seem bias.The book is based on three questions that he asks in the first page First, can a nation rise above the injustices of its origins and, by its moral purpose and performance, at maven totally for them The second question provides the key to the first. In the process of nation-building, can ideals and altruism-the desire to build the perfect community- be mixed successfully with acquisitiveness and ambition, without which no dynamic association can be built at all? Thirdly, the Americans originally aimed to build an former(a)-worldly City on a Hill, but themselves designing a republic of the people, to be a model for the entire planet.Have they made good their audacious claims? Have they indeed proved exemplars for humanity? And will they continue to be so in the new millennium? Johnson relates the book to those three questions throughout the book and relates his facts with them. Johnsons ends the book having answered the three questions t hat he presented in the beginning. It is appropriate to end this history of the American people on a note of success, because the story of America is essentially one of difficulties being overcome by intelligence and skill, by faith and authorisation of purpose, by courage and persistence. Johnson finds the Americans are problem-solving people which he argues is shown throughout the history of the United States. Johnson ends the book highly supporting Americans and shows his support. There are many supporters of Paul Johnsons book. Paul Johnsons A History of the American People is as majestic in its scope as the country it celebrates. His theme is the men and women, prominent and unknown, whose energy, vision, courage and confidence shaped a great nation. It is a compelling antidote to those who regard the future with pessimism. Henry A. Kissinger. The New York Times keep back Review positively reviewed the book, Arresting contentions and pieces of fascination oddball information . The book to a fault offers a rare opportunity to witness someone trying to make sense of all 400 years of American history and to discover what tremendous lessons it holds for all Americans and the rest of mankind. I understand why Paul Johnsons A History of the American People made it as a finalist to be taught to the group of Americans in order to increase of knowledge of United States history.The book was even dedicated to the people of America strong, outspoken, intense in their convictions, sometimes wrong-headed but always generous and brave, with a passion for justice no nation has ever matched. Now to explain Howard Zinns A Peoples History of the United States. This book begins with attracting the audience with the cover. The color chosen for the letters on the cover include blue and red and white which in the present time represent the United States. The title of Howard Zinns book includes three keywords, People, History and United States.The three keywords are the centr al topic of what Howard Zinn talks about in A Peoples History of the United States. Unlike Johnson, Howard Zinn jumps bang-up into facts about the beginning of the history of the United States. Johnson started with his main point in the first page but Howard Zinn begins with the history of Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress. Howards Zinns main point is found on the title which allows him to begin with the history of the United States versus beginning with a opening statement like Paul Johnson did.What Howard Zinn does differently than Paul Johnson is his rule of summary. Paul Johnson seems to become more involved in his summaries gives more detail and a certain subject matter and overlooking other events. Howard Zinn writes a oblivious summary on his events and talks a little about everything. Howard Zinn gives the history of the United States without sympathizing for those who were negatively affected and does not set out the real failure and winner. My point is not to grieve for the victims and denounce the executioners.Those tears, not anger, cast into the past, deplete our moral energy for the present. And the lines are not always clear. In the long run, the oppressor is also a victim. In the short run (and so far, human history has consisted only of short runs), the victims, themselves desperate and tainted with the culture that oppresses them, turn on other victims. Howard Zinn will does not want make it sound as if a certain group won in the past and will not explain the failures which is what historians now call history. Howard Zinn explains this to his readers before continuing on with the book.He warns the readers of his style of writing and explains that he will not manipulate facts to seem other then they should be. Howard Zinn writes towards the ending of the book on the title. As for the subtitle of this book, it is not quite accurate a peoples history promises more than any one person can fulfill, and it is the most difficult kind o f history to recapture. I call it that anyway because, with all limitations, it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of peoples movements of resistance.

Deontological Vs Utilitarian Ethics Essay

Kant believed that deterrent prototypeity is dependent upon reason, that to bite rationally was the same as acting honorablely. He placed a high value upon duty in determining the moral worth of an action. Kants deontological ethics is essentially an ethics of duty or obligation. As such, he claims that the moral worth of an action depends solely on whether or not it was done unaccompanied from a sense of duty. If an act is done simply because one is so inclined, the act has no moral value. This principle holds true even if inclination happens to be in agreement with duty. To illustrate this point, he uses the example of a truly beneficent person.He says that while sympathy to all man is a duty, in that location are some who are naturally inclined to be kind. He asserts But I observe that in such a case an action of this kind, however proper, however amiable it may be, has stock-still no true moral worth, but is on a level with other inclinations (Gregory and Giancola, 82). When these spread kindness while motivated by their own inclination to be kind, their kind acts have no moral value, because in his view in order for an act to be moral, it must be done for the interest group of duty alone. Essentially, deontological ethics says the less inclined one is to perform an act that duty calls one to, the more(prenominal) moral worth the act has.While deontological ethics is completely independent of inclination, utilitarian ethics is in many was based upon it. Utilitarianism is built on hedonism, which is the claim that pleasure is the supreme good for man. The main imagination of utilitarianism is that man is naturally inclined to seek pleasure and avoid pain and this natural inclination is to be embraced as it will lead man to the supreme end, which is happiness. Utilitarian ethics says that moral acts are those that fight pleasure and avoid pain while immoral acts do the opposite. In is definition of utilitarianism, John mill about says that as fa r as possible, pleasure in its highest quantity and quality should be promoted and this for the great outcome of people possible. He says, that standard is not the agents own greatest happiness, but the greatest amount of happiness altogether (Gregory and Giancola, 92). In my view this means that according to utilitarian ethics, the moral act is the one that brings pleasure to the greatest amount of people.

Digital music and the internet age – The people vs. the recording industry association of America

Just as the Internet is fast becoming a way of life for many in the United States, symphony has had its roots embedded in hoi pollois lives, cargoners, and hobbies throughout history. What do you get when you merge euphony and the Internet in the year 2002? Chaos, it seems.In this heated take, there be two sides that ar prevalent. The first is brought by the written text assiduity Association of America (RIAA), which represents the major record labels, musicians, and artists in the United States. The RIAA claims that the Internet is responsible for uncontrolled music buccaneering that has the power to destroy the music industry as we know it. The RIAA been in the pertain of countless lawsuits and trials, and is in the forefront of the digital music debate through its use of heavy tactics.The opposite side of this debate is represented by you and me the common people. We do not argue that music piracy is flagitious and unethical. However, we grow such(prenominal) at s take in this argument, as the RIAA has tried to gain grace for strict laws that could affect each and e precise unitary of us. The RIAA has tried to invade our privacy, sue the common people, obstruct us from playing CDs in our computing machines, hack writer into our computers, stop the sale of personal music pseuds, and change hear pieces of legislature for their benefit. kinda than approach this issue with public support and regard for the consumers who make their industry assertable, the RIAA has continually neglected public opinion and has put us on the back burner in order to nurture their profit margins.The HistorySo what only is this big mess about? In a nutshell, it boils follow up to digital music piracy. The music industry is hurting from a 9.2 percent global music gross sales slump in 2001. According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, world CD sales fell septenary percent last year, while singles and cassettes continued to decline (Wang 147). They claim that music piracy on the Internet is largely to blame for this trend.By merging the Internet and compact disc technologies, it became possible for people to convert the digital music chisel ind on CDs into a in truth small computer file order called MP3. A music file converted to MP3 could then be sent to other people on the Internet quickly and easily.These technological advances eventually led to rampant music piracy on the Internet. magical spell I do not condone nor support digital music piracy, I believe that the dispute the RIAA is waging has been unfair, one-sided, and based on greed. In trying to protect their interests, this trade group has bitten the hands of the people who feed in it us.The PastIn 1980, a case came upon the United States Supreme Court docket involving Universal city Studios, a Hollywood movie studio, and a new Sony technology called Betamax, or what we now refer to as the common VCR. Universal City Studios asked the dallys t o block Betamax sales, which were poised to enter the consumer commercialise. The movie studio argued that consumers would use VCRs to imitation and distribute copyrighted films (Wright 16).In 1984 the U.S. Supreme Court told the movie industry to back off, ruling that well-nigh people would use VCRs to record soap operas they missed while at work, rather than make outlaw(prenominal) copies of films (Wright 18).One would think that a lesson was learned from this scenario. Sadly, that was not the case. Fast-forward fifteen years and we see a very similar situation unfold.RIAA vs. MP3 playersIn 1998, Diamond Multimedia introduced the Rio portable MP3 player to the consumer market. MP3 files were starting to become very popular. Using the Rio portable MP3 player, people would be able to convert files from CDs that they have into MP3 format, and then transfer them onto the Rio MP3 player, which could store hours of music and would eliminate any need for CDs or cassettes (Musician s Internet, par. 8).Enter the recording Industry Association of America. In 1999 the RIAA filed suit against Diamond Multimedia, the creators of the Rio MP3 player. They claimed that the player violated the Audio Home Recording mould of 1992, which prohibits devices that make copies from digital music recordings. The RIAA believed that since people had the ability to illegally d have gotload music from the Internet, the portable MP3 player should be illegal (Musicians Internet, par. 9).This was a major flaw in logic for the RIAA. First of all, I personally cannot think of one person who does not own at least one CD these days. Even my grandmother has more(prenominal) than a handful By trying to ban the portable MP3 player, the RIAA was saying that people did not have any legal or legitimate use for the product. However, people could easily copy songs from the many CDs they owned onto this portable MP3 player, and still remain perfectly law abiding citizensJust as in the old Beta max judgment, this case was thrown out. The Ninth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that Diamond Multimedias technology was perfectly legal, as the player do copies from computer hard drives and CDs, not solely from digital music recordings (Musicians Internet, par.15).The portable MP3 player has now become immensely popular and successful, and is one of the current best-selling pieces of technology on the market today. In fact, analysts predict that 26 million portable MP3 players impart be sold in 2005, heavy(a) the dominance of even CDs (Brull 67) The RIAA was trying to hinder change. If they had been successful, we would not have portable MP3 players in our lives today.RIAA vs. NapsterThe case of the Recording Industry Association of America versus Napster was very widely publicized. Napster was an online file-trading program that allowed people to trade both legal and illegal MP3 files with ease. The RIAA soon entered the scene, eventually succeeding in boot outting Napst er down.I do believe that the RIAA had very good reason to take action against Napster, as it was an online music piracy haven. However, in succeeding to chuck out the service down, they overlooked a very important issue people loved downloading music from the Internet. quite than start their own legal online file- manduction program, the RIAA and the music industry were very slow in action.The RIAA did not try to public demand for such a service. With the demise of Napster, new illegal trading programs popped up. Unlike their forerunner Napster, however, these programs would be next to impossible to shut down as they have no central master of ceremonies location. These networks run from user to user. Essentially, the only way to stop the programs is to shut down the Internet itself.If the RIAA had listened to the people, it is very possible that they would be in a untold better position in the fight against music piracy. However, they neglected the need of the public, and d ug themselves an even deeper hole. There was a very legitimate and legal answer to Napster. Rather than trying to turn the service into a paying model or creating their own service, the RIAA simply shut it down. They gave no thought to the legal uses, such as promotion, sharing of files by independent artists not write to any record label, uncopyrighted material, and music available with permission from the artist or record company.So wherefore didnt the RIAA and the major record labels jump to start their own Napster-like networks? The answer is simple. Digital music distribution, as it stands now, offers much thinner profit margins. Rapper Chuck D says a major label makes a CD for as little as 80 cents, then sells it wholesale for $10.50 so retailers can charge $14 thats highway robbery. He gloats further that the true revenge will come when the major labels start dropping their prices (Hopper, par. 7).If consumers are able to use inexpensive technology to download music free o r of a much lesser charge, you can bet that they wont run to a record store and pay $14 for a CD. The key to that $10 profit margin they are making is that manufacturing and distribution would eventually evaporate in digital downloads, meaning the record labels would have to cut costs and make a small profit. Its all about money.With so much piracy occurring online and next to no way to stop it, what could the RIAA do next? How about prevent consumers from playing CDs in their computers, or better yet, how about hacking all of your computers? That is exactly what they are trying to do.RIAA vs. Your ComputerThroughout its many legal battles thus far, the RIAA has continually neglected and disregard the music consumers. So, it comes as no surprise that it happens yet again. However, this time their focus is on your very own personal computer.One of the first anti-piracy measures used by the RIAA and the major record labels was a technology called copy-protected CDs. Introduced in 2 000, these CDs were designed to prevent a user from copying music tracks to a computer and then sharing them with others online (Cohen 43). Sounds good, right?Maybe not, as this technology has a major downfall. If you try to play a copy-protected CD in your computer, you will find out that it isnt possible In fact, even some older habitue CD players cannot play the copy-protected discs. By adding this copy-protection, the music industry effectively stops you from playing these CDs in your computer at all.In doing this, however, one of your personal rights has been taken away. Imagine that The 1992 Audio Home Recording Act allows music listeners to make some personal digital copies of their music for their own use and comforter (Brull 67). With copy-protected CDs, you are not able to make copies of the music that you have purchased and have every right to copy and backup other strike against the RIAA. The copy-protection debate is currently being waged by lawmakers.Another way th e Recording Industry Association of America is trying to stop you from copying music and sharing it with others is by hacking you This is another debate currently up in the air in Congress. The RIAA has recruited Congressmen Howard Berman and Howard Coble to introduce a piece of legislature that would let content owners hack pirates computers (Brull 68).So what does that mean to you? Essentially, it means that the record labels, the RIAA, and copyright owners would be able to hack into your computers and delete or replace your illegal files. This is a huge breach of privacy, but yet another act that the RIAA deems necessary. If they cannot stop the software used to trade illegal files, the industry hopes to attack your computer sort ofRIAA vs. Privacy and Internet Service Providers (ISPs)However, the fight doesnt stop at your computer. Money means so much to these companies that they want to compromise your privacy as well. On July 23, 2002, the Recording Industry Association of Am erica made an unprecedented request of Verizon Communications, a company that sells Internet access to consumers. The RIAA served the company with a subpoena, seeking the individuality of a Verizon subscriber who allegedly illegally traded songs by artists including Britney Spears, Jennifer Lopez, and NSync. The RIAA didnt specify why it wanted to know who the user was, or what it would do with the information (Hopper, par. 16).Luckily, Verizon denied the request and took this issue to court. Everyone has a right to be anonymous online. A users anonymity should not be unmasked without any proof of misconduct. In fact, in defamation and trademark-infringement cases, a seek is first asked to weigh the evidence of illegal activity against the constitutionally protected right to anonymous row (Black 9). The RIAA is trying to bypass judges, courts, and laws in order to force ISPs to reveal information about their subscribers without even making any charges.This is yet another personal right that the company is infringing upon. This debate is currently in court as well, and it should be interesting to see what happens in the end. It is very probable that the U.S. Supreme Court will settle this issue.RIAA vs. Your IntegrityEven after showing no respect for your personal rights and laws as a consumer, the RIAA is now attacking your very own integrity. On September 26, 2002, ads began running on television and in print condemning online music piracy. These werent your normal ads, however. This time around, the RIAA thought that since they couldnt get your attention, perhaps popular music superstars could (Healy, par. 2).These ads, by such artists as Britney Spears, Mary J. Blige, Shakira, and bloody shame have one underlying message we are thieves. Would you go into a CD store and steal a CD? Britney Spears asks in one ad. Its the uniform thing, people going into the computers and stealing our music (Healy, par. 4).Rapper Nelly had a similar message. We really loo k at it as stealing, because to us its black and white, either you pay for it or you dont. And, youre not paying for it (Healy, par. 6).However, these ads are a bit hard to swallow for the average consumer. Lets look at this picture again. These are mega-selling superstars. In 2000, Madonna had reported assets in excess of $425 million. Britney Spears makes over $40 million yearly (Healy, par. 9). The RIAA wants us to believe that these artists are hurting from piracy? I dont know about you, but I dont feel too sorry. end pointIn conclusion, I believe that the Recording Industry Association of America is a devious and thoughtless trade group. They have continuously put their profit margin ahead of the rights of the consumers. The numerous real-life examples presented in this musical composition should give you a firm understanding of the unethical antics that the RIAA has used to further their cause. Which side are you on big business, or consumer rights?

Homeostasis and how the body responds to exercise Essay

This report will interpret the results of the practical activities that was done in order to proctor the changes in mall rate, temperature and line pressure before and afterwards enjoyment. Blood pressure is the measure of how much(prenominal) pressure is put on the walls of the blood vessels when the blood is pumped through them. This is measured in twain parts, the larger number on top is known as the systolic pressure, this measures the pressure as the blood is pumped a port from the core whereas the cut back number (The diastolic pressure) measures the pressure as the blood returns to the heart. The linguistic rule range for a healthy blood pressure is around 120/80 at rest. When I was at rest I recorded my blood pressure which was 118/57. This blood pressure can be considered normal for my age range and fitness level. However it is possible that the reading may not stick out been completely accurate due to having eaten recently before, the machine may not have worked properly or because of emotional state at the time.The pulse is the measure of how many times the heart beats in one minute. This can be measured in either the artery in the neck (Called the carotid artery) or in the wrist. Though the beat is stronger in the neck it is sometimes more difficult to come out and so most people tend to measure it from the wrist. For a healthy person of my age a pulse rate between 60 and 100 is considered to be normal. When I was at rest my heart rate was 82 bpm (Beats per minute). This could be inaccurate due to being nervous though I took my pulse reading both manually and on a machine and it came back the same both times, which may accession the reliability of the results. I recorded my temperature by placing a thermometer in my mouth, this is because under the spiel is one of the more accurate places to get a reading on the personate temperature.The normal dust temperature of a person is around 37 C. At rest my temperature was 36.3 C. This is a normal temperature. When I did the activities I recorded my heart rate, blood pressure and temperature after 1 minute, 3 minutes and then after 5 minutes of exercise. afterward one minute my heart rate had increased to 94 Bpm, my temperature was 36.8 C and my blood pressure was 120/68. This is an increase in when I was at rest due to the bodys need for a higher touchstone of oxygen to go through the blood to the muscles that mandatory it this caused an increase in heart and breathing rate so that in that respect was an increase in the amount of oxygen supply to thebody. There was an increase in temperature because there is an increase in physical activity, which creates an increase in the heat that is given off by the muscles, increasing the overall temperature of the body.I then did the activity again for three minutes before I recorded my heart rate, blood pressure and temperature again. After three minutes there was a further increase in all three results. My heart rate was 112 Bpm, my temperature increased to 37.5C and my blood pressure was 120/78. I then repeated the exercise for a further 5 minutes, however there was an interval of where I had to wait to be equal to(p) to record what the results were. Due to this my heart rate was 102 Bpm, my temperature was 37.3C and my blood pressure was 120/75. When an individual exercises there are internal changes that the body must respond to in order to keep the body surgical process as it should. As you exercise your pulse and respiration rate increases to compensate for the higher demand of oxygen in the muscles.While your heart and respiration rate increases the muscles also produce heat as a waste product which heats up the body, in order to control the body temperature, the body produces sweat, when an individual sweats the body is trying to cool itself down. This is known as a detrimental feedback loop, in a blackball feedback, the body responds to change by trying to bring it back to the normal ra nge. In a negative feedback there is a stimulus, a sensor, a regulator (Or control) and a effector. In the case of an increase in temperature the stimuli, which would be the skin, sends a signal to the sensor, this is the nerves. Once this happens a signal is then sent to the regulator (Or control), this is the hypothalamus, When this happens other signal is then sent to the effector, which is the sweat glands which respond to the rise in temperature by producing sweat.In certainty I found that the longer that I exercised the more my readings increased, however these may not be intense due to the equipment was not readily available and so I had to wait to record the readings allowing the results to decrease. Another way this may not be true is because my reading that was happen uponn after 5 minutes was lower than both of the other results, this could be because I had to wait a longer period of time to take the results.

Netflix Leading with Data:What advice would you give to the CEO of Netflix Essay

Case Netflix Leading with Data The Emergence of Data-Driven exposure Question What advice would you give to the CEO of Netflix?Digital distribution marketplace is undoubtedly the future of the delineation letting industry. Netflix has already taken a good lead in it but must have impertinent ideas to keep its prefer in the industry. Beating its competitors in the domestic market is important, however, Netflix should jump out of its possess circle into a new market to larn the first mover advantage. Looking at the global market, china is a good choice for Netflixs next station. Using the Porters flipper Forces model, Netflix can examine its advantages and disadvantages see whether entering China is good choice * talk terms power of customers China has a growing economy with a large assort of new middle-class, who be able and unforced to consume on entertainment. Nowadays, Chinese usually watch shoots on free websites with a low reckon lumber and slow Internet speed. W hile the number of people watching films are increasing, the picture quality is becoming more important for the viewing experience. Providing a fast, flexible and tall-quality service, Netflix can persuade many customers into its subscription model.* Bargaining power of suppliers Chinas film and TV show makers have been facing a study problem plagiarizing (including unpaid online watching), which substantially decreases their profits. They are finding a pathway to introduce their product to the customers. The advantages of plagiarizing products are the cheap prices and convenience, which Netflix can also provide. Netflix should cooperate with Chinese filmmakers to gain sources of authorized edition film databases and give out a lower price since the Chinese filmmakers are eager to run out of the bad situation.* hawkish rivalry Under the same business model, Netflix would be the first mover in the industry. Although China has a couple of(prenominal) subscription service websites , this is only a minor part of the industry. * Threat of new entrants The potential competitors have non released any big signals showing that they will enter this industry. Apples iTunes, as well as Amazon did poorly in China and have decided not to continue expanding. Netflix should cease this chance to enter and take Chinas market. * Threat of substitute products Chinas online distribution market is dominated by Youku,Tudou such online video provider however, their profit model is advertising fees, focusing on the quantity of visitors. With distinct service, its not hard for Netflix to occupy the market share. How to focus on the targeted group and how to persuade their potential customers, who used to enjoy cheap, even free resources online, to pay for a monthly membership, is a big concern to the corporation. To emphasize Netflixs higher quality service is of great importance.First, Netflixs engineering can help its members build up personal own styles videos at high efficien cy. Besides that, compared with the existing Chinese video websites, like Youku and Toudu, Netflix does not contain any advertisement forrader or after a movie. Those movies and TV shows posted on Netflix are mostly high rendering displays, and customers would like to pay for the HD movies, rather than trying to understand a blurry image on different websites. Furthermore, Netflixs new component called Friends allows movie buffs to share reviews and recommendations. In China, the website could cooperate with Douban, which is the largest and most influential film review website, and Renren, which is regularly called Chinese Facebook, so that Netflix could not only act as a video online leasing website, but also a social network website in Chinas market.Beside the high-level quality, Netflix should tour a large quantity of movies, especially the movies from Hollywood. With the Chinese movie import policy, China only import 55 movies in 2012. The number is comparatively small compa red with the amount of movies that the Chinese audience demands. Netflix could take the advantage to offer more American movies online, which is under laxer regulation both on amount and the content examination, to gain the customers who are interested to watch more foreign movies. 1 . Walker, Russell, and Mark Jeffery. Netflix Leading with Data The take of Data-Driven Video. Kellogg (2010) 6. 2 . www.douban.com 3 . www.renren.com 4 . China Communication research center, SARFT. Website http//www.sarftrc.cn/cn/ 5 . ,.

Why trains are the best way to travel Essay

WHEN you change of location long limit you have plenty of time to ponder the big questions. Maybe thats why philosophy and trip go so well together. You finally have the time to really think about what the hellhole Confucius and Plato were trying to get at Maybe thats why I also love to travel by rail. Above all other forms of long quad transport, trains are my favourite. Im advantageously sitting, watching a frozen landscape of farmland, forests and tiny villages fly by my window. Drifts of snow rise and deign similar endless frozen waves as skeletal trees scratch at the sky across the distance, disappearance over the horizon, as the sun sets in a radiant arc of crimson fire. The world is bare, impolite and, above all else, interesting and full of wonder. This is what should make train rides important to travellers. Modern conveniences like email, smartphones and supermarkets have made life more efficient than ever before but in doing so somethings been lost.Dont get me wr ong, 2013 is the best time to be alive (ever), but I do think we all could learn to appreciate the journey a little more than we do. In modern life the journey has taken a definitive backseat to the destination. I put long distance train travel in roughly the same category as calligraphy, wax seals, orchestras and Shakespearean English. at that place may be more efficient, easier and faster ways to accomplish writing, making music or talk of the town but the romance of the journey makes these endeavours both interesting and valuable. The difference is not taking the journey for an get to thats in the way of getting somewhere, but rather in enjoying the journey for what it is. Flying is patently more efficient in regards to time, but it lacks in journey aesthetics. Taking a commercial pip really doesnt allow for much appreciation for a computerys aesthetics (unless you count Virgins flight attendants).Another downside to flying is that planes are cramped, much like being a sard ine in a can (only with less vegetable oil). Theres also the detail that youre hurtling through the open sky at 800km/h in a hulking d tonne machine made of metal and plastic maybe you can tell that Im not a fan of flying. What about buses? Buses unfortunately are a necessary evil in the same way that McDonalds is a necessary evil at 3am on a Sunday morning. Buses, era often cheap offer neither efficiency or the journey experience and come a very distant third choice. Railroads are quite often cut through remotewild far from highways and roads, giving you a sense of remoteness thats hard to match with other forms of transportation, arrant(a) for moments of quiet contemplation and reflection and often amplified by the beautiful scenery. Theres also the allayer factor to consider. If youre the butt of beanstalk jokes, journeying by rail allows for more leg and shoulder way than a bus and a flight combined.